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All authors are required to sign the Copyright Transfer Agreement . In accordance with the agreement, authors transfer the copyright of their papers (including but not limited to reproduction rights, distribution rights, information network dissemination rights, performance rights, translation rights, compilation rights, and adaptation rights) to the editorial department of journal. Upon publication, the copyright of the papers shall vest in the editorial department. The editorial department shall have the right to publish and utilize the papers in various forms, including but not limited to:
1. Publishing the papers in electronic, multimedia, online, or other formats;
2. Licensing the above rights to third parties, permitting domestic and international literature retrieval systems, database systems, etc., to retrieve and collect the paper data, and allowing them to publish the papers in various media. The journal will not seek further authorization from the authors when submitting to domestic and international databases and retrieval agencies (including print, CD-ROM, and online versions).
After the paper is published in the journal, the authors have the right to continue using the paper in the following circumstances:
1. Reproducing, disseminating, and using the paper in accordance with the journal's open access license (CC BY-NC 4.0) (e.g., for non-commercial academic conferences, academic presentations, etc.);
2. Applying for patents;
3. Using the paper for other activities permitted and authorized by the editorial department.
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